What charge applies when an individual's pension fund exceeds the lifetime allowance and they attempt to take a lump sum?

The correct answer is the 55% tax charge, which is the penalty applied when an individual's pension fund exceeds the lifetime allowance, and they withdraw a lump sum.

When someone has a pension that surpasses the lifetime allowance, which is a limit set by the government on the amount of tax-advantaged retirement savings, any benefits taken above this limit are subject to an additional tax charge. If they choose to take a lump sum, the excess amount over the lifetime allowance is taxed at a higher rate of 55%. This high charge serves as a deterrent for individuals to accrue pension funds significantly beyond the allowed threshold, ensuring the system remains fair and manageable.

The rationale for this substantial tax rate is to prevent individuals from excessively benefiting from tax relief on pension contributions, which could lead to disproportionate retirement savings. Other rates mentioned are not applicable to this scenario, as they do not correspond to the regulations concerning excess pension contributions and lump sum withdrawals.